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Ethics, Politics, and Happiness
PPTX (3.83 MB)
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10/5/2012
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Forsyth, Iyer, & Haidt, 2012 SPSP Poster
PPTX (1.8 MB)
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10/5/2012
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Idealism, Relativism, and Ethics: The Moral Foundations of Individual Differences in Political Orientation
Both Moral Foundations Theory (MFT, Haidt & Graham, 2007) and Ethics Position Theory (EPT, Forsyth, 1980) suggest differences in people’s reactions in morally toned situations can be traced to variations in their intuitive, personal moral philosophies. MFT posits five innate, universal psychological systems that are the foundations of intuitive ethics (harm/care, fairness/reciprocity, ingroup loyalty, authority/respect, and purity/sanctity), whereas EPT identifies concern for consequences and concern for principles as two nomothetic regularities that appear consistently across most people. The descriptive adequacy of these two theories was tested by sampling the political views, justice beliefs, communal orientations, and moral foundations/ethics positions of 9128 individuals in 130 countries.
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The Ethics Position Questionnaire Link
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10/5/2012
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Individual variations in approaches to moral judgment and behavior may be conceptualized in terms of two basic dimensions: relativism and idealism. First, while some personal moral codes emphasize the importance of universal ethical rules like “Thou shalt not lie,” others maintain a posture of relativism that skeptically rejects universal principles. Second, while a fundamental concern for the welfare of others lies at the heart of some individuals’ moral codes, others do not emphasize such humanitarian ideals; the former assume that we should avoid harming others, while the latter assume harm will sometimes be necessary to produce good. The EPQ assesses these variations.
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